Authored Books, Academic Presses
Sharon L. Sutherland and G. Bruce Doern, Bureaucracy in Canada: Control and Reform. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985. (Data courtesy of Statistics Canada.)
S. L. Sutherland, Patterns of Belief and Action: Measurement of Student Political Activism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1981. (Awarded an SSHRC publications grant and a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation to the University of Toronto Press.)
Authored Books, Non-Academic Presses
S. L. Sutherland, Supporting Democracy: The South Africa-Canada Program on Governance. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 1999. Also available in French.
Follow the link to read or download a copy of this book. |

(Miscellany of Photographs © 2007, S. L. Sutherland) |
“Canadian ministers, as heads of administration for their departments, are sitting on a volatile political mixture: administrative reforms that are incompatible with the political system they must operate in … the compensation tradition that makes them doubly vulnerable, and an audit community that has a vision, is unified, and has been seen more than once to take advantage of public credulity. It is thus, I think, quite likely Canadians will see more such ‘biggest scandals in Canadian history,’ and that little good will come of them.”
From "Biggest Scandal in Canadian History:
HRDC Audit Starts Probity War,"
Critical Perspectives in Accounting,
14 (2003): 187-224.
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Articles in Refereed Journals
James I. Gow and Sharon L. Sutherland, "Comparison of Canadian Masters Programs in Public Administration, Public Management and Public Policy", Canadian Public Administration, (2004), 379 – 405. [View a printable copy.]
S. L. Sutherland, "Biggest Scandal in Canadian History: HRDC Audit Starts Probity War," Critical Perspectives in Accounting, 14 (2003): 187-224.
"The Problem of Dirty Hands in Politics: Peace in the Vegetable Trade," Canadian Journal of Political Science 28, 3 (September 1995): 497-507. [View a summary of this article in CJPS. Read a copy.]
"R. S. Parker’s ‘Administrative Vocation’: A Review Essay," Canberra Bulletin of Public Administration 77 (December 1994): 115-120.
"The Al-Mashat Affair: Administrative Responsibility in Parliamentary Institutions," Canadian Public Administration 34,4 (Winter 1991): 573-603.
"Responsible Government and Ministerial Responsibility: Every Reform is its Own Problem," Canadian Journal of Political Science 24,1 (March 1991): 91-120. [Read a copy of this article.]
"The Evolution of Program Budget Ideas in Canada: Does Parliament Benefit from Estimates Reform?" Canadian Public Administration 33, 2 (Summer 1990): 1-33.
"Bureaucracy and Governance: Review Article," Canadian Public Administration 33,1 (Spring 1990): 99-104.
"Public Employment in Canada; Review Article," Canadian Public Administration 30, 1 (Spring 1987): 110-122.
"The Politics of Audit: The Federal Office of the Auditor General in Comparative Perspective," Canadian Public Administration 29, 1 (Spring 1986): 118-148.
S.L. Sutherland and E. Tanenbaum, "Irrational vs. Rational Bases of Political Preference: Elite and Mass Perspectives," Political Psychology 5, 2 (June 1984): 173-197.
"State Audit: A Canadian Maverick," Public Money 1, 3 (December 1981): 39-43.
S.L. Sutherland and E. Tanenbaum, "Submissive Authoritarians: Need We Fear the Fearful Toadie?" Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 17, 1 (February 1980): 1-24.
"On the Audit Trail of the Auditor General: Parliament's Servant 1973-1980," Canadian Public Administration 23, 4 (Winter 1980): 616-646.
M. Jordan and S.L. Sutherland, "Assessing the Results of Public Expenditure: Program Evaluation in the Canadian Federal Government," Canadian Public Administration 22, 4 (Winter 1979): 581-609.
"The Unambitious Female: A data-based discussion of women's low political, social and professional aspirations," Signs 3, 4 (Summer 1978): 774-794. [Read a copy of this article.]
S.L. Sutherland and E.J. Tanenbaum, "Rokeach's value survey in use: Towards validation with criterion attitude scales and party identification," Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 12, 4:2 (1975): 551-564. |
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Chapters in Books (Refereed)
J. Iain Gow and Sharon L. Sutherland, “Public Employment in Canada: downsizing in a multi-layered state,” in Hans-Ulrich Derlien and B. Guy Peters, The State at Work (Volume 1: Development and Structure of Public Service Systems) Edward Elgar, 2007: 138-174.
J. Iain Gow and Sharon L. Sutherland, “Minority Representation: language, race and ethnicity,” in Hans-Ulrich Derlien and B. Guy Peters, The State at Work (Volume 2: Comparative Aspects of Public Service Systems) Edward Elgar, 2007: 162-200.
S.L. Sutherland, "The Clerk of the Privy Council," in Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities, Restoring Accountability, Research Studies, Volume 3 (Linkages: Responsibilities and Accountabilities): Ottawa: PWGSC, 2006, 21-104.
"Braybrooke on Public Policy," in Susan Sherwin and Peter Schotch (eds.) Engaged Philosophy: Essays in Honour of David Braybrooke. University of Toronto Press, 2006: 111-146.
"Retrospection and Democracy: Bringing Political Conduct Under the Constitution." In Paul Rynard and David P. Shugarman, Cruelty and Deception: The Controversy Over Dirty Hands in Politics. Peterborough, Ont.: Broadview Press, 2000: 207-228.
"Bossing Democracy: The Value-for-Money Audit and the Electorate’s Loss of Political Power to the Auditor General." In Richard M. Bird, Michael J. Trebilcock and Thomas A. Wilson (eds.) Rationality in Public Policy: Retrospect and Prospect, A Tribute to Douglas G. Hartle. Canadian Tax Paper No. 104. Toronto: Canadian Tax Foundation, 1999: 109-140.
"El Podor Ejecutivo y la administración pública en Estados Unidos, Canadá y México." In Julián Castro Rea, Robert Jackson y Gregory S. Mahler (coordinadores), Los sistemas políticos de América del Norte en los años noventa. México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1999: 107-179.
Maureen O’Neil and Sharon L. Sutherland, "The Machinery of Women’s Policy: Implementing the RCSW." In Caroline Andrew and Sanda Rodgers (eds.), Women and the Canadian State. (Montreal: McGill Queen’s University Press, 1997): 197-219.
"The Executive." In T. C. Pocklington (ed.), Representative Democracy. (Toronto: HBJ-Holt, 1994): 190-237.
"The Public Service and Policy Development: Responsible Bureaucracy in Canada," In Michael Atkinson (ed.), Governing Canada. (Toronto: HBJ-Holt, 1993): 81-114.
"The Canadian Federal Government: Patronage, unity, security and purity." In John W. Langford and Allan Tupper (eds.), Corruption, Character and Conduct: Essays on Canadian Government Ethics. (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1993): 113-150.
"Inexperienced Ministers 1949-1990: 'The Easy Way' and Electoral Volatility." In Herman Bakvis (ed.), Responsiveness, Volatility and the Electoral System. (Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1991): 303-354.
"Federal Bureaucracy: The Pinch Test." In Michael Prince (ed.), How Ottawa Spends Your Tax Dollars 1987-88. (Toronto: Methuen, 1987): 38-128. (Data courtesy of Statistics Canada.)
"And Common Sense is No Port in a Storm: A Comment on Paquet." In Allan Maslove and Stanley Winer (eds.), Knocking on the Back Door: Freer Trade with the United States. (Toronto: Methuen, 1987): 199-207.
"The Justice Portfolio: Social Policy through Regulation." In G. Bruce Doern (ed.), How Ottawa Spends Your Tax Dollars. (Toronto: James Lorimer, 1983): 173-208.
"The Office of the Auditor General of Canada: Watching the Watchdog." In G. Bruce Doern (ed.), How Ottawa Spends Your Tax Dollars: Federal Priorities 1981. (Toronto: James Lorimer, 1981): 184-232.
"Ministry of the Solicitor General." In G. Bruce Doern (ed.), Spending Tax Dollars: Federal Expenditures 1980-81. (Ottawa: School of Public Administration, 1980): 163-199. |
“A government is truly the best possible client: there is no chance that mistaken or irrelevant assurances by auditors will be revealed to be false by the collapse of an enterprise, because governments do not fail. Nor is there any public process for organizing skepticism about “audit” pronouncements … Thus politicians and officials can routinely be charged with failure,
but not auditors.”
From "The Office of the Auditor General of Canada: Government in Exile?" WP 31, School of Public Policy Studies Working Papers Series,
August 2002, Queen’s University

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Chapters in Books (Not Refereed)
James R. Mitchell and S.L. Sutherland, "Relations between Politicians and Public Servants." In Mohammed Charih and Arthur Daniels (eds.), New Public Management and Public Administration in Canada. 2nd Ed. (Toronto: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 2003): 181-197.
James R. Mitchell and S.L. Sutherland, "Ministerial Responsibility: The Submission of Politics and Administration to the Electorate." In Martin Westmacott and Hugh Mellon, (eds.) Public Administration and Policy: Governing in Challenging Times. Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice-Hall, 1998: 21-37.
S.L. Sutherland and James R. Mitchell, "Parliament and Administration." In Jacques Bourgault, Cynthia Williams and Maurice Demers, (eds.) Public Administration and Public Management Experiences in Canada. (Québec: Les publications due Québec, 1997): 25-41. Volume prepared for the meeting of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences in Quebec City in 1997.
James R. Mitchell and S.L. Sutherland, "Relations between Politicians and Public Servants." In Mohamed Charih and Arthur Daniels (eds.), New Public Management and Public Administration in Canada. (Toronto: Institute of Pubic Administration of Canada, 1997.): 181-200. Volume commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Institute.
Denis Saint-Martin et Sharon L. Sutherland, "L’Appareil administratif." Dans Le système parlementaire canadien, sous la direction de Manon Tremblay et Marcel R. Pelletier. (Les Presses de l’Université Laval, 1996): 209-229.
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Other (electronic, invited or reprinted) Publications and Working Papers
S.L. Sutherland, "The Unaccountable Federal Accountability Act: Goodbye to responsible government?" revue gouvernance, 3, 2 (December 2006): 30-42. [View a printable copy of this paper.]
Christian Rouillard et Sharon L. Sutherland, « Responsabilité ministérielles, gouvernance démocratique et vérification juricomptable, » Éthique Publique 8 (printemps 2006): 178-84.
"Gomery: Prequel and Sequel," revue gouvernance, 3,1 (May 2006): 1-15. [View a printable copy of this paper.]
"On the Audit Trail of the Auditor General: Parliament’s Servant, 1973-1980," in Barbara Wake Carroll, David Siegel and Mark Sproule-Jones (eds.) Classic Readings in Canadian Public Administration, Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press, 2005: 328-352.
"Federal House Committee Reform: Mindless Adversarialism Well Done," Constitutional Forum 13, 2 (Fall, 2003): 50-63.
"The Office of the Auditor General of Canada: Government in Exile?" WP 31, School of Public Policy Studies Working Papers Series, August 2002, Queen’s University (29 pp). View this paper
"Biggest Scandal in Canadian History: HRDC Audit Starts Probity War" WP 23, School of Policy Studies Working Paper Series, August 2001, Queens University (38 pp). View this paper
"Does Westminster Government Have a Future? Political Parties, Public Engagement, and Westminster Government in Canada". Ottawa: Institute on Governance, May, 1997. Occasional Paper No. 1. ISBN 0-9696759-8-4.
"Independent review and political accountability: should democracy be on autopilot?" Optimum 24, 2 (Autumn 1993): 23-40.
Yaprak Baltacioglu and Sharon L. Sutherland, Parliamentary Reform and the Federal Public Service, National Centre for Management Research and Development, London, Ontario: 1988 (34 pp). This is available through the Library of Parliament.
Older Presentations (Selected)
"En miettes: L’enseignement et la recherche en administration public," a paper presented on May 16, 2000 to the Colloque de la Section Administration et management publics 68 ième Congrès de L’Association canadienne française pour l’avancement des sciences, University of Montreal.
"The Role of Public Administration in a Westminster-Style Constitution," a paper presented on May 7, 1999 to the Colloque en l’honneur de James Iain Gow, Department of Political Science, University of Montreal.
"Evaluating Programs to Assist Governance in Developing Countries: The Intractable Problems of Assessing Results with Reliability," a paper presented on April 8, 1999 to the Workshop on Evaluating Governance programs, International Development Research Centre, Ottawa.
"Measuring Policy and Program Outcomes: Value for Money?" a paper presented November 12, 1998 at the Conference in Honour of the Memory of Douglas Hartle, Rationality in Public Policy, University of Toronto.
"Ethics and Public Officials," a discussion presented on June 1, 1998 to the Symposium on Ethics in the Public Service," sponsored jointly by the Canadian Society for the Study of Practical Ethics and The Ottawa Roundtable on Ethics, at the Canadian Centre for Management Development, Ottawa.
"The Party Subject: Relations between Elected and Appointed Officials," a paper presented on June 10, 1996 to the Public Service Commission Roundtable on Party Government, Public Service Commission, Ottawa.
"Dirty Hands: Pain in Politics," a paper presented on March 22, 1996 to the graduate faculty, Department of Political Science, University of Toronto,.
"Executives and Public Administration in Canada, Mexico and the United States," a paper prepared for the Conference, Los sistemas politicos de America del Norte, hoy. Desafios y convergencias, National Autonomous University of Mexico, May 17-19, 1995.
With Glen Williams, "Carleton University and ‘Open Admissions’: A Policy Evaluation," October, 1994 (25 pp. text, 17 tables), presented to Faculties of Arts and Social Sciences, and Departments of Chemistry and Mathematics and Statistics, 1994-1995.
"The Public Service and Parliament." Invited talk at the Queen’s University Symposium for new Members of Parliament, organized by Professors Keith Banting and André Blais and sponsored by the Max Bell Foundation, February 4-6, 1994, Château Cartier Sheraton, Aylmer, Québec.
"Justice inheres in the deed: deeds are done in structures." Invited paper at a conference-workshop on "Dirty Hands," December 12, 1993, organized by Professors David Shugarman and Ian Green, York University.
"Independent Review and Political Accountability: Can Democracy be put on Auto-Pilot?" Invited paper at a conference in Independent Review and Accountability, March 25-27, 1993, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
"Dangers of Advice Taken: Hyperrationalism and Secrecy in a Parliamentary System," a paper presented on March 21-22, 1991 at a panel with Professors David Braybrooke and Charles E. Lindblom at the University of Texas at Austin, Texas.
"Electoral Volatility and Ministerial Experience," a panel presentation on February 7-8, 1991 to the Research Seminar on political parties of the Royal Commission on Electoral Reform and Party Financing, Halifax.
"Inexperienced Ministers: 1949-1990," a paper presented January 16-18, 1990 to the Royal Commission on Electoral Reform and Party Financing at its meeting on political parties, Bromont, Quebec.
With Maureen O’Neil, "The Machinery of Women’s Policy: Implementing the RCSW," a paper presented on November 1-2, 1990 at the conference Women and the Canadian State, marking the 20th anniversary of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, University of Ottawa.
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